TASK 3 - Be able to edit moving image material

                      TASK 3 - Be able to edit moving image material

"Media Composer is the most proven video editing software in the industry, trusted by professional editors in every segment of movie making, television, broadcast, and streaming media. Designed to handle high volumes of disparate file-based media, Media Composer delivers accelerated high-res and HD workflows, real-time collaboration, and powerful media management, eliminating time-consuming tasks so you can focus on telling a great story. And now the choice is yours—edit on premises, or remotely through the cloud—access through a low-cost subscription, on-demand via floating license, or own it outright—making Media Composer the most versatile and accessible tool for professional creative editorial. " - Avid

Although there are many different editing softwares we use Avid, as its the best and near professional standard.  

Standard and High Definition.
 

 Most pieces of film or television are exported in high-definition now, however, standard-definition is still active in digital technology. High-definition has a higher resolution than standard-definition, which is why it is used more and appreciated more aesthetically. Below is a photo demonstrating the difference between the two : 

                          

Hard discs are used rather commonly in the film and television industry, as blank hard disc usually very affordable, that and they work quite efficiently. An example of hard discs being used in the film and television industry includes; An editor using hard discs to store footage that they can later use to import the footage onto their editing software. At the end of both music video and advert we had to upload our work onto a hard disk in order for it to be viewed. 

                                                 

Data Transfer Rates is the amount of digital data that is transferred from one location to another in a given time. Digital data that is common in the film and television industry can include video and audio files. 

                                  

Exporting is usually simple to do, as you normally just name your file and select the settings that are most appropriate for your piece of work. The only downfall about exporting productions is that is can be very time-consuming, the time in which it will take is usually stated at the bottom. Before exporting you need to have rendered the finished product. 

Jump-Cutting in Avid is fairly simple, as all that the editor has to do is cut a piece of footage in half. This can easily be done by selecting an input (I on keyboard) and output (O on keyboard) and either pressing Z or X on the keyboard. This can tell the audience that time has jumped/leaped forward. 

                                   

There are many transitions that are available to the editor in 'Avid Media Composer'. Examples of transition effects that are included in 'Avid Media Composer' include; dissolve, fade, picture-in-picture and 3D Warp. These effects are easy to locate and learn.

                                      

Sound and visual syncing is one of the most important and necessary things that is vital to understand when it comes to editing for the moving image. You cannot have moving image where the sound and the visuals do not match up, as it looks unprofessional. 

                                 

On screen text is used mainly when the editor is adding credits and titles to a piece of moving image. This post-production tool is fairly straight forward to do in Avid Media Composer. 

                                   

Task 2 : Be able to prepare moving image material for editing

Task 2 : Be able to prepare moving image material for editing

In the preparation for editing you need to consider the following:

• Shooting script - To log the scenes and keep on track.
• Dailies, in film making, is the raw, unedited footage shot during the making of a motion picture.

When preparing to edit clapperboards or slating is so important. We created some videos to demonstrate this. Slating helps with conveying the following:

• Production: The name or title of the movie
• Timecode: Digital timecode synced to the audio
• Roll: The roll that you’re currently shooting on
• Scene: The scene number/shot you’re shooting
• Take: The current take of the shot
• Director: Name of the director of the production
• Camera: Name of the director of photography/cinematographer of the production
• Date: The month, day, and year that you’re shooting

 

EDLs (Edit Decision List) are long standing tools of post-production. Shot lists and edit decision lists keep the editor’s footage in order. They allow the editor to know what to keep and what to clear out, and more than anything, they keep the edit together as it passes through multiple places in post-production. 

 

Creating bins makes the whole editing process easier. For example you can sort the clips into the scenes so its easy to refer to. You can create as many bins as needed and name them however applicable. Below are examples of creating bins and importing clips. 

The whole point of an editor’s job is to make sure that their client / boss is happy, as at the end of the day it is them that is paying you. By doing it the way that you want it to look because you think that your method is better, for one of my projects which was Music Video I worked for a client and in the end she was happy with the video, also working to a brief is similar to working to a client in my other projects.





TASK 1: Editing for a purpose

 TASK 1 : EDITING FOR A PURPOSE

Brief editing history.

 
Edwin Porter was an American early film pioneer and he was most famous for being a director with the Thomas Edison Company. His most important films are The Great Train Robbery made in 1903 and Life of An American Fireman also made in 1903. He was hired by Thomas Edison in 1899 and then he was soon put in charge of Edison’s New York Motion Picture Studio, during the next decade he had become the most influential film maker in the US.
 
The Great Train Robbery was a one-reel film, it had a running time of 12 minutes and it had been assembled in twenty separate shots. This film was classed as being ground breaking and innovative due to its cross cutting in editing to shown action in all different places.

D.W Griffith was an American film director and he was best known for being the director of the film The Birth of a Nation in 1915. In this film he shown use of advanced camera and narrative techniques and it was extremely popular for that time.  In 1907 he had wrote a play and he went to New York with hope of selling his script to Edwin Porter but when Porter rejected his script he instead gave him an acting part in Rescued From An Eagles Nest.

 

 

 

Conventions and techniques.

Transitions:
A transition in film is a technique used in the post-production process of film/video editing, this is because it is where the scenes or shots are combined together, and this is done by using a cut that goes straight to the next scene. But as well as this most films include selective uses of other transitions, they usually do this to set a tone or mood as this gives more of an affect or conveys emotion to the audience or is put there to suggest that time has passed or for separate parts of the story. These other transitions are Dissolves, Cuts, Fades and Wipes.

Cut:
A cut is the most basic of all the transitions, are there is no particular processes needed to perform a cut, are the two film strips are just simply placed next to each other in edit, when an audience are watching a film that has a cut transition in, it will be recognised as one image being replaced with another image almost instantly.

Dissolve:
This involves gradually changing the visibility of the clip being played, however rather than transitioning straight from shot to colour, a dissolve is when a shot changes into another slowly.

Fade:
Just like the dissolve transition a fade occurs when the picture has gradually completely turned into a single colour, in most films they tend to use the colour black for this. Fade INS are usually used at the beginning of a film, while fade outs are typically found at the end of a film.

Wipes:
A wipe is when one shot replaces another shot; it is done by the new shot travelling from a opposite side of the screen. This transition happens mainly at the end of title credits.
Point Of View Shot:
The camera will be placed as though we are that character as we will see everything that that person see’s. This technique is mainly used as it draws the viewer in to the film more and gives them more involvement as an audience.

In camera editing:
This is where a film has been created by filming a sequence of shots in the order that they will be screened and when this is done the post production process is usually left out. Editing with the camera involves planning beforehand the shots that you will be filming later on.

Multiple points of view:
This is when the different points of view on screen and they show the characters/actors side of views. The camera will be placed as though we are that character as we will see everything that that person see’s.

Shot Variation:
This is where you break long shots up, cutting them down into smaller parts, this is done when there is a really long shot that is only based around one thing in particular so instead of showing it all as it would become boring, different length of shots are used varying from a long, to a medium and a close up shot, this is so we can just focus on that one thing showing that it has more importance.

Manipulation of diegetic time and space:
This is the editing technique that is used to portray time unconventionally this is when an edit is used to make it look like a person or the environment or an object is changing over time.

Seamless editing:
This is masking one cut to the next matching frame.

Montage editing:
Is where short shots are then pieced together and edited into a sequence and this is done to condense space, time and information for the viewer. It is mainly used to show a passing of time.

Parallel editing:
This is also known as cross-cutting. It is a technique used within film editing and it falls under the continuity editing. Parallel editing has many effects but the main important effect that this technique has is that of simultaneousness, suggesting two things, or scenes are happening at the exact same time. Here is an example of parallel editing.

The Purpose of Editing

The editing is an extremely important part of film making, as it sets a meaning for the film. The editing can also help the film with the narrative; it helps the audience receive information about the plot and the story throughout the film. Being able to edit a film perfectly enables viewers watching to engage with the film a lot more. Editing in a film can bring out the emotional truth in an actor's performance within filming; it can also create a point of view on otherwise obtuse events, as well as being used to guide the telling of the story. The editing can create an illusion of danger where there is none and keep the viewer on the edge of their seat making the film more exciting. And all in all trigger a response that otherwise would not have been possible. There are certain editing techniques that help an audience identify a genre, for example horror films often have the same certain sounds as well as fast paced editing techniques to create the suspense.